Recalled ERP in enterprise management development process, always based on manufacturing and supply and marketing process-centric, enterprise resource in the logistics, capital flow and information flow both performance and composition into the supply chain, value chain.As an enterprise resources of the human resources, has long been an isolated system as independent from outside the core management system.
但 today's businesses to survive, compete and grow talent Zhengduo Yijingjinru times centering, business in human resources Zhongshichengdu Ye Kuaisutigao, making the field of Human Resource Management Information technology has become a very promising market: Yi Fangmian Business Human Resources(HR: Human resource) software continue to emerge, on the other hand consider the information technology business solutions are no longer confined to the narrow sense of the ERP (Enterprise resources planning).Software developers in terms of HR management software, launched a "warm", or enterprises themselves implement ERP as the main HR management information integration project, "desire", can interpret the HR needs of large-scale system embedded in ERPin a comprehensive docking in business trends.
Introduction of a corporate information technology resources (including human resources, and in the first place) quantitative management, mainly to achieve greater efficiency, providing information-based decision support to improve operations quality and efficiency goals.The main objective is to achieve human resources to achieve the means and the process is basically the norm and optimization of business processes, human and scientific enterprise information management singing the main theme, but they have received less attention but is unbalanced.This paper from the "people-oriented" perspective integrated HR and ERP business requirements and process design for software development and provide a reference implementation of the project.
Usually, we can human resources management is divided into four levels: regulatory and business processes (basic work), based on standardized business process operations (routine work), human resources strategy (strategic work), and strategic humanResource Management (pioneering work), from operations, management decision-making extends to; features ranging from a single wage accounting, personnel management, development to the decision-making can help enterprises a full range of solutions.These areas include human resource planning, staff appraisal, labor arrangements, time management, recruitment management, employee payroll accounting, training programs, travel management.With ERP, financial, production system composed of highly efficient, highly integrated nature of the enterprise resource system.But as the carrier of human resources to achieve functional (HR) management system design at this stage mostly OA (Office automation) idea - to improve efficiency, reduce costs, lack of ideas ERP - mining capacity, balance supply and demand, that isexisting HR systems need to enhance various properties of human studies from the start, to as enterprise resource not only quantitative but also qualitative be measured and assessed, the introduction of ERP systems to achieve business into the butt.We set the example of human circadian rhythms view.
First, the basic principles of human circadian rhythm
(A) the individual the basic principles of human circadian rhythms
Human circadian rhythm refers to the person's physical, emotional and intellectual are present any Chubu Tong of the cycle changing, Ta Men own the cycle, but interwoven, Gongtongyingxiang the 人们 thinking and behavior.
Human circadian rhythms, in a hundred years ago by German and Austrian Wilhelm Hermann Feilai Si o o Svoboda first discovered.Then, after many years of research by many scientists to verify the inherent laws of human circadian rhythms.Specifically include human physical, emotional, mental three kinds of rhythm - human physical condition, emotional status and mental status of 23 days, respectively, for the period of 28 days and 33 days showed a sine curve law change, the starting point of human life(baby was born) is a common circadian rhythms of the three initial state point.Various rhythm of a point (days) the following functions can be simulated conditions index
T = L * sin (αt)
T - condition index, T strength, T emotions, T intelligence
L-peak parameters
α-cycle parameters
t-from birth to day life of a number of days.(The total number of days = years * 365 + more than the number of days + years the number of leap year)
The situation of human circadian rhythms of human circadian rhythms can be quantified index of the degree of change, as shown.If the qualitative to orgasm, low and critical to define the situation of human circadian rhythms: T value> 0, at high tide; T value <0, at low tide; T value = 0, in the critical period.
There is also a simple method of identification of human circadian rhythms - to the "total number of days" respectively 23,28,33 remainder shall be divisible from the simple rhythm of human physiological conditions index, by comparison of the body's physical form can be determined, emotional and intellectual status, but this method is limited to qualitative judgments.
In peak period, the body's various functions are in a good stable, responsive, work very efficient, warm easy-going, not prone to accidents; people in low tide, the critical period, by contrast, is notsteady state or slow, it is susceptible to accidents.
(B) of the group's statistical law of human circadian rhythms:
As the starting point is the physiological rhythm of people's birthday, a large enough group of people (population) birthday in a long time (23 / 28 / 33 days) of the distribution is uniform.Statistically significant according to the principle that we can find: Human circadian rhythms of the group is balanced, that group's overall index of physiological rhythms in a constant fluctuations; volatility and the number of groups then popular.The law regulating the use of groups of personnel structure, optimize the overall state to ensure the quality of human resources.
Second, the human circadian rhythm early in the Enterprise Management
Human circadian rhythms in the cyclical fluctuations in the period or the critical period is a potential physiological basis of potential hazards, based on this understanding of the safety warning system established in the industrial safety management has long reflected the aim of early warning as possible mitigation.The basic approach is:
However, by computing the limitation is more important is "people first" philosophy of weak and difficult to human resources to good use.Human circadian rhythms caused by the application of narrow, shallow levels, little quantitative research and application of such weaknesses.
Third, the human circadian rhythm used in HR and ERP exploration:
(A) HR and ERP systems to introduce the concept of human circadian rhythms, human resources management from "quantity" of management to "quality" management deepening.
Thought of the essence of ERP is the use of enterprise resource planning and control, the most optimized input / output results.If applied to the human body circadian rhythms embedded in ERP in HR management systems and capacity planning and shop floor control with highly integrated, will be able to fully carry out: the respect for individual dignity, without prejudice to the premise of health to play the maximum potential of individuals and groups.
Application specific principle is: the past, individual measurement standards of human resources from the static "human time" to change over time in human circadian rhythms index set (Σ (T strength, T emotions, T intelligence)) transition.The concept of change is a human resources as a business activity in the production of "capacity" attribute from quantity to quality of interpretation, together with the dynamic trend of the time, labor arrangements, time management provides a more scientific and reasonable systemsolution.For example: the existing ERP system master production planning and capacity requirements planning, the measure of human ability - fixed working hours only static subjective indicators, there is no clear what physical, emotional, mental status can be defined as a person"working hours" in the "standard" and the introduction of a normal human physiological rhythm index as a "working hours" in the "standard" and the definition of indicators can solve this problem.To correspond to that, the load and capacity were analyzed, feedback and adjustment, the actual working hours of any production schedule should be converted into the corresponding time zone index of the sum of human circadian rhythms, so get the result of overload or insufficient load closer to the actual situationeasy science in the production.
(B) the introduction of the ERP solution theory of constraints posed by human circadian rhythms of human resources "bottleneck"
As the objective existence of physiological rhythms can 将 their overall human resources as a Sui time and change the input-output systems, if one Jieduan the output Qujue Yu Qian Mian 1 or Jige phase output, then, yes that Chanthe link determines the lowest output level of the whole system.In other words: human resource system is the strength of the chain by its weakest link to the decision, a moment a part of the situation of human circadian rhythm constitutes the output of the whole system, "restraint", and thiskind of constraint is the dynamic transfer.Constitute the constraints of human circadian rhythms, or physical, emotional, mental composite index of three, or only one, want to solve the bottleneck of resource theory is necessary to use TOC in the ERP staff circadian rhythms in the composite index for the constraint algorithm.
TOC (Theory of Constraints, referred to as TOC) in the optimized production technology (Optimized Production Technology, referred to as OPT) developed on the basis of a control on the ability of the management philosophy.Focus on the bottleneck process, the bottleneck process to ensure congestion does not occur.Increase the utilization of the bottleneck work center, so get the maximum effective output.Depending on the type of product structure, process and material flow of the overall situation, configuration management control points.
TOC theory will combine the use of human circadian rhythms in the ERP in the model: the main production plan compared to "Drum", according to the bottleneck of resources constitute the overall state of human circadian rhythms to determine optimal amount of logistics, as the overall constraint of "drums"to control the product inventory; assembly processes before the bottleneck and has a buffer from the restrictive role to ensure the bottleneck resources are fully utilized to the maximum output of enterprises; all need to control the work of the Centre as to transmit information using a rope're holding the team, according to the same beat (the bottleneck on the output per unit time) in maintaining the balance of in-process inventory, maintain a balanced flow of materials under the conditions of production.
The example of a deep sense of inspiration:
The application of human circadian rhythms is only the surface of human resources development, the depth of the potential value of many to be developed, will enhance the productivity of the marginal contribution to the great.Help establish a people-oriented management concept is a clear human resources constitute the productive forces, the basic elements, this element of capacity is available in view of management to control the productive forces constitute a model from F (labor, capital, land, ... ...) evolution for the F ((management factor * labor), capital, land, ... ...).HR as a management tool and integrated ERP management system based on the theoretical basis for further study the nature of the potential impact of human resource factors, is quite far-reaching.