User questions
China Changjiang National Shipping Group (referred to as Chinese CSC), is the backbone of China's largest river shipping enterprise groups, the main industry group to water transport, while involved in a variety of industries. CSC 18 existing wholly-owned subsidiary and a subsidiary, located in 6 provinces and 2 cities along the Yangtze River as well as Shenzhen and Zhuhai special economic zone. Currently Group has established a comprehensive marketing, safety supervision, scheduling, supply, information, communication, navigation, scientific research, education and health support systems. To further improve office efficiency, CSC intends to build a relatively complete, covering a subsidiary of Office Automation System.
CSC Information Centre, said Yu Ming war, OA is difficult to implement than the single business application systems is difficult, not only because of OA involving a wide range, but also because the management of OA and business process related. In particular, that quite a few state-owned business organization, business procedure, and so Ke Neng Yao market conditions and with some adjustments Therefore, how to change OA Shiyingzhezhong process and the implementation of OA Guocheng yes Kaocha in a very important factor. OA for the current market conditions, the implementation of OA in the critical need to grasp the OA process and how to optimize the problem, Yu Ming hope I struggle to provide reasonable advice and recommendations published a good program.
Around the "how to choose OA products, the implementation of OA, OA implementation process?" And other issues, I invite the AMT s senior adviser million Tao, AMT president of operations, consultants Wang Yurong, and Kingsoft, general manager of e-government business conducted Jimmy Wang Yu Discussion.
Expert opinion
◆ three products have advantages and disadvantages
Looking at the current OA market, we can simply OA system is divided into three categories:
The first category is based on IBM Lotus Domimo / Notes platform developed by OA Systems. Users of such systems in China is relatively large. Typical representative of products Blue Ling, Kingdee open thinking, combined strong and Sketching Instruction OA products such as software companies. Such software has the advantage that it and other software such as Lotus series Sametime, Quickplace and other relatively high degree of integration, but also provides a relational database using Lotus and large ERP software like SAP, Oracle, Peoplesoft interface. The disadvantage is that platform is not open, storage structure was not built in a relational database platform, frequently under a large amount of data CRUD (create, replace, update, delete) operations will greatly reduce performance. According to IBM Lotus products on the development road map, Domino platform storage will be based on DB2 platform, fully support the J2EE platform, but for existing customers, this is a big upgrade costs. For immediate use of the clients, this is nothing but fancies.
The second category is based on the Microsoft Exchange platform for the development of OA systems, such systems have many users. Typical of a Metropolitan Network ExOA, navigation systems such as OA. Such software is characterized by a high degree of integration with Microsoft's products, while other systems (such as the enterprise ERP, CRM, etc.) to complete the integration of custom development required. OA system because it's almost necessary to start from scratch development interface, and large work. Since Exchange does not use a relational database is stored, and Lotus products, like the first category there is a large amount of data in case of performance problems.
OA both types of software is the mainstream market, basic accounting software for domestic OA more than 90% market share.
The third category is based on the application server platform and relational database applications development. As the Domino and Exchange in the massive data on the performance limits, so some companies based on application server (J2EE,. Net, etc.) and relational database systems to develop OA. Typical ones are the Exact E-Synergy, the Pan-micro software eCology and Hua Yan software HotOA.
The advantages of such systems and interfaces to other systems is relatively easy, due to the use of the relational database system to handle huge amount of data has greatly improved performance. Drawback is that the workflow engine and security software vendors are developed, difficult to form a more mature product. Some other manufacturers OEM manufacturers such as Ultimus workflow engine, to develop OA applications, the product will greatly increase the maturity of the existing main products on the market will form a relatively large pressure.
Overall, the domestic market, the OA OA products are not mature enough features and weaknesses of various products as obvious. And other more sophisticated applications such as financial software than there are big gaps. For the same reason, it also led to the size of the domestic manufacturers are not large OA.
◆ Selection to consider small
Select OA software, can not just focus on technology, need to be considered, companies should also look at the strength of the demand for product features to meet the level of implementation capacity and price and other factors.
First, clear your needs. If there is no clear demand, suppliers will be led by the nose. In many cases, when users select the software, because there is no clear demand, leading to selection of the process into a software test fair. With a clear demand, we can according to their needs, product features, and the degree of consistency between the two to choose the right products.
Moreover, the paper maker's sincerity and strength of OA. OA is not sincere manufacturers will not attach importance to you. The only sincerity is not enough, if not quite OA firms financial strength and technical strength, can not ultimately solve the problem.
Third, the inspection technology architecture, flexible and open technology architecture makes good business to pay the price. Because the company's internal processes will not be changed, so OA system will always adjust. If the OA system architecture is not good, reducing the system's flexibility, will the system interface can be configured, internal integration left hidden, cause the system to be closed and rigid, can not adapt to change. In particular, have a certain amount of internal information systems running, OA system and existing systems integration and compatibility issues also need attention OA selection of a factor.
Fourth, look at the project team and implemented. OA is an enterprise application software, the implementation process is not a simple software installation, there are cumbersome to set up and a lot of training. Without a good implementation of the project team, will lead to failure of the project. If the implementation is a black box, then, is not reassuring.
Finally, cost-effective to choose the right products.
◆ implementation of the grasp of two key
The successful implementation of an OA project, not only to pay attention to software selection and implementation process, should be concerned about internal factors, there are two main aspects:
First, they must put the project objectives and project scope clearly defined. Project objectives were vague and the scope of spreading, leading to failure. Such as the concrete implementation of the project scope to the project book, we must clearly expressed in two parts - an organization-wide and application modules; corporate headquarters to further define the realization of e-mail, scheduling, administrative processes and internal document library, as well as and financial, customer, personnel, one-way transfer between the aggregate data. This expressed a clear scope.
At the same time in the implementation process should focus on the user's changing attitude. In the OA implementation process, if not corporate executives, middle and grassroots support staff, and successful ways of working and even the corporate culture change, even if temporary on-line system will eventually rebound, application effect is greatly reduced, up to a bad target. (■ AMT Senior Advisor WAN Tao)
Implement the OA Process
OA process management, optimization and improvement, and determine the implementation of OA as a whole pointed out the direction.
Process is the best operation of internal norms and curing, to provide for the business management and operation of standard mode of operation. For enterprise management is, with the process of establishing a standard within the enterprise can be unified in the modus operandi; for ordinary employees, enterprise, with the process, there will be an example to follow the norms and learning.
Enterprise to operate an efficient office automation system, we must conduct a comprehensive sort OA process, the establishment of a dynamic, standard, smooth and efficient flow system, the enterprise of standardized and efficient operation.
In the implementation of the OA system, many businesses often a mistake is combing the enterprise and optimize existing processes, without direct copying to the office automation system in. OA is not a direct analog implementation of manual processes. Without carding and optimizing processes in the operation of the new system is equivalent to a new bottle wine, can of operation. OA business process only after the various departments within the enterprise communication and advance to the formation of the norms followed by the entire enterprise, it has in the OA system on the significance of actual operation.
◆ how to optimize and improve the original OA process?
Have to master the proper optimization, process improvement methods, with particular attention to a variety of methods, appropriate choice of supporting reforms and supporting inspection and use. I talked about the three proposals:
First, a variety of methods, the appropriate choice. Process and the problem from two aspects, one from the customer expectations, an internal staff satisfaction from. These two aspects of the problem we need from the following steps to analyze and resolve: What is the purpose process, the need for this process; process customers who and what amounts to meet customer requirements; process success criteria What and how to better achieve these standards; process which stage, can simplify; process what is the risk of how to control these risks; flow through the departments of those, how best to improve efficiency; how to effectively use new technology tools to increase the efficiency of the new process.
Process improvement and optimization of many methods, such as process optimization of the 72 technologies (such as brainstorming, critical success factor method, etc.), ES EIA method (that is, the removal process, simplify, build, integrate, automate the entire work process), etc. The key is to select the appropriate enterprise own actual circumstances. Sometimes, the process of carding and optimizing often with the enterprise's own characteristics, in practice the more commonly used method is comparison and benchmarking analysis process. Benchmark comparison, is the use of benchmarking (the same industry or related industry best business process) were compared; flow analysis, flow analysis is then made for the improvement and optimization recommendations. In actual applications, these two methods often used in combination.
Second, pay attention to and processes carried out related to Reform. Carding process, improvement and optimization is a very complex system engineering. Many process changes will lead to business management and other aspects related to re-examine, companies must be organizational structure, human resources, corporate strategies, the associated changes to cope with the change process. General change management requires eight steps to ensure the completion of process management changes, its content in general as follows: establish a sense of urgency for change, guiding the team to establish change, a clear vision for change, the vision to fully communicate the full mandate for change a clear change of short-term effect, not to seize the opportunity to relax the key change, effective change to consolidate the results.
Third, pay attention to the matching process checks. Enterprise development, and process are constantly changing and developing, process improvement and optimization is an ongoing process, requiring a series of matching inspection measures to ensure continuous and effective process improvement and optimization. To ensure a smooth transition from the original process to the improved processes, but also to establish a sound internal process management system; the same time, it is also related to process management training and effective incentives, in the formation processes across the enterprise culture.
For the China Changjiang National Shipping Group (referred to as Chinese CSC) Group OA process management optimization, improvements, my suggestion is that entire areas distributed implementation of continuous improvement. Details are as follows:
First, the entire areas comprehensively. "Point" is to carry out process improvement and optimization, "face" to establish a sound process management system, which includes four aspects: flow responsibility matrix; process management methods; process management system; process management organizational structure (Figure 1).
Second, step by step, appropriate incentives. The operation of office automation process in batches to step on the line, and adopt appropriate incentives, must not do too much, overnight. Can first select some of the most common office procedures such as: income paper issued a document, travel attendance, conference management as a pilot to implementation of the departments and individuals with a good reward, so we are forming habits before considering approval process to promote 2 .
Third, continuous improvement, the formation of culture. Should clearly recognize that process management is a long way, process improvement and optimization is a continuous process. Moreover, you should carry out the related process management training, develop a process across the enterprise culture, helping to achieve the CSC process management of a virtuous circle and spiral. (■ Wang Yurong)
◆ ideas and methods of process optimization
Process optimization in order
Process optimization of the work order is, first of all to organizations. The establishment of a professional executive team to participate in the process optimization and decision-making power to appoint a high-level leadership has served as group leader.
With the project team, the development of process optimization goals should clearly set out the scope of process optimization, process optimization start work: first, corporate executive team at all levels of organization describe the business process status of employees to carry out job responsibilities description, drawing process; followed analysis and identify constraints impeding achievement of objectives; final report on the implementation of team leadership to the business and confirmed, we began to design business process optimization. After the introduction of the initial program, but also discuss and compare the efficiency and effectiveness of new processes and feasibility, to determine the optimal scheme.
Process optimization of the process
First is the status quo research. Process optimization team's main task is to understand the business management system, corporate strategic objectives, the successful experience of advanced enterprises, business and information technology problems existing status quo. The gap with the best business process optimization is the object, which is the reality of the management and recycling business needs. The formation of the above, research report.
Second, management diagnosis. Business Process Optimization group and corporate levels of staff consultation on the research report and correct for management and recycling needs in-depth analysis and research, and propose solutions to various problems. The formation of the above, the diagnostic report.
Finally, process optimization. Group and business process optimization diagnostic report on consultation and amendment, and will refine the solution.
Specific process optimization of thought is: To summarize the functions of enterprise systems; for each function to describe the status of business processes that form a map; that the status of business processes or a combination of problems in application of information technology can change the content; integration of the various issues solution that is application of information technology, business process optimization proposed idea; to specific business process optimization ideas to form the optimized business process diagrams.
Process optimization methods
Currently, there are mainly two methods of process optimization, or systematic transformation method and the new design.
Systematic transformation method based on existing processes, existing processes through the elimination of waste, simplification, integration and automation (ESIA) and other activities to complete the re-design work.
The new design is made from the process to be the result of starting from scratch designing new processes. Both the choice of methods depends on process optimization company specific circumstances and external environment. In general, the relative stability of the external business environment, companies tended to take a systematic transformation method based on short-term improvement; in the external business environment in a volatile situation, companies tend to adopt a new design, focusing on long-term development The significant improvements in comparison. Most units from the specific circumstances, a more appropriate way is to take a systematic transformation of law, preferably with a flow chart forms. (CCID Consulting)
Raiders How to choose the implementation of OA OA OA product implementation process? (3)
Published: 2004.03.01 Source: "Chinese computer users"
Manufacturers on behalf of perspective
◆ unlimited service
Office process management, optimization and improvement is a prerequisite for successful construction of OA.
Now the OA system is not simply a product, it is a service pack. This service pack is not only the maintenance and upgrade product features, it is a process of long service, through service to OA system, the quality of personnel gradually adapt to business, business size and structure of enterprises. Because the optimization process management, improvement is never-ending, so the service process is long.
◆ The three keys to open conflict
Office process management, there will be many contradictions and problems. Prominent problem is the original process change management issues, process optimization and enterprise system integration issues arising from data sharing, staff accustomed to the operation and so on. For example, the original process optimization may require more data into enterprise business processes, this will encounter data conversion, data security and other issues; some many links approval process, personnel operations are not used, reflect the slow process interfaces instability, lack of systematic thinking on process management training, process management in the above are likely to encounter problems.
Solve the above problem, we must grasp three key: first, corporate decision-makers need to optimize management of the process, have a positive attitude and a more in-depth understanding. Second, the need to effectively implement and promote the implementation. Optimization of business processes must be established consistent with corporate business development strategy is based on. On this basis, to provide optimal demand, we must consider many factors, such as the guiding ideology of change processes, organizational structure of the situation, all relevant personnel to meet the situation, the situation within the enterprise business system interface, process technology can be realized E. Finally, the implementation of OA services to technology manufacturers to achieve the identification process. OA system, which manufacturers the flexibility and service capability has a lot.
OA processes to safeguard a smooth transition from the original to the improved process, the need for adequate preparation. The transition process can not pursue a large area, high speed, the scope should be narrowed as much as possible to comply with the law within the scope of human activity, then the spread of vertical or horizontal. In short, we must formulate a reasonable implementation plan, side implementation, while reviewing the implementation plan, according to the quality of personnel to make the necessary changes, control the speed, resolutely implement the top decision-making, this will ensure a smooth transition.
◆ KOAS program services long flight OA
OA system development is to better meet the business process reengineering changes occurred after the changes caused by business needs. Now, the good OA system has been able to provide a large number of visual organization, process design tool, to some extent able to adapt to organizational changes and business process requirements.
CSC against China's own characteristics, we propose a new OA Solutions - Jinshan Zheng Ying-line office system (Kingsoft Office Automation System, referred to as KOAS), for reference. China's most prominent feature is the long voyage a number of subsidiaries, a broad geographical distribution, if the traditional large and unified solution for construction of OA, there will be some of the following disadvantages: a long construction period; various subsidiary bodies of the individual needs of difficult to quickly and effectively completely satisfied; maintenance difficulties; high investment, slow effect; unity, vertical management style does not fit the actual needs of modern business management.
Jinshan most prominent feature of OA solution is to follow the standards and building a unified framework, to give a greater flow of all branches of room for improvement, that is, to the branch structure according to their own situation, more on their own internal processes Improvement is responsible. The Group's headquarters are more concerned about the process of running between the branches, as well as branches to promote the work of internal process improvement, control and guidance.
The benefits of this program are: distributed, fully empowered to meet modern matrix management group enterprise management; Group Headquarters primarily focus on group processes among the various branches, thus grasping the core group and the most urgent need to address the problem, see results quickly; according to the different branches of the situation, effectively and efficiently promote the construction of the work of OA, OA without affecting the whole building, from the serial into a parallel push to promote and improve implementation efficiency; maintenance work can be unified by a central control, and decomposes into the branches, simple maintenance.