Network cabling engineering there are many areas worthy of study, here we introduce how to choose the network cabling project communication media, including on the implementation of the network cabling project design should pay attention to what the problem so.
Summary knowledge of network cabling
1. How to choose the network cabling project communication medium?
A: Select the network cabling project communication medium the main problems now is to choose fiber optic or copper twisted pair. First thing to consider communication distance. For most office environments, often require the wiring length is generally less than 100 m copper cable distance limitations, if there is no confidentiality, copper emission or reception of electromagnetic signals has little effect on most office environments. Therefore, at present most of the general office environment, the user selects the network cabling communication medium is still a double copper strands. The request for Gigabit network communications capabilities to the desktop of the user agency, the minimum should be to follow the standard EIA / TIA and ISO standards published over Category 5. These performance standards to meet the basic high-speed network applications. Category 6 cabling system supports a frequency of 200 MHz, 200 MHz operation to the encoding system to achieve the communication rate will be higher.
Higher cost of fiber optic cabling, but the longer distance, higher communication bandwidth, with good security, no electromagnetic interference by power cables, in many ways to solve the shortcomings of unshielded twisted pair communications. LAN backbone systems to improve communication performance, usually in structured cabling optical fiber used in the vertical subsystem, the subsystem level are not exclusive to install fiber optic cabling systems. Depending on application requirements, the installation of copper fiber-optic system can be installed at the same time. The wiring may exceed 100 m from the limit of remote LAN users to directly install the Fibre Channel rather than the establishment of a separate wiring, the cost savings can be even more. Current structure of the vertical backbone cabling subsystem is usually a multi-mode fiber, but in order to meet future bandwidth requirements, might a small increase in investment in backbone subsystem installed multimode fiber at the same time together with the corresponding single-mode fiber system installed It may also be single-mode optical fiber system to hide or not to termination. Thus, when the future need for higher bandwidth, you can easily enable these single-mode fiber.
2. In the network cabling implementation of the project design should pay attention to what the problem?
A: Because the network cabling implementation of the project design on the whole process of wiring plays a decisive role in the design of project implementation agencies should be cautious. In the implementation of the design should pay attention to the following questions.
(1) comply with standardized criteria
The implementation of structured cabling design is not only designed to be rigorous, to meet user requirements, but also its cost is reasonable, consistent with standardized criteria. International and domestic structured cabling has strict rules and a series of standardized criteria, these standards structured cabling system to do all aspects of a clear definition of the provisions of its design requirements and specifications.
(2) design based on the actual situation
Implementation of the first buildings on the project full investigation to collect the building's construction, renovation and other information related to engineering drawings, and full account of the user's capital investment budget requirements, application requirements and the construction schedule requirements, etc. factors. If the building is still underway to erect the structure on the cabling scheme set, you can under the building's overall layout, the alignment of demand to the building design agencies concerning the specific requirements of structured cabling to facilitate construction works of Tong Shi Qiang Yi Xie completion of pre-wiring. If this is the basis of the original building and interior decoration works wiring project was implemented, it must be the case under the original building, decoration design and the actual survey results of the implementation of the design layout.
(3) note selection and layout
Implementation of the design of wiring materials selection and layout arrangements have a direct impact on construction costs. In the design, construction organizations should be based on the needs of the network, select the appropriate type of wiring cables and connectors. Wiring material selected different levels of technical indicators of the overall program is large. Recommended the use of wiring accessory products, a series of vendors. Because the wiring is a system rather than the simple combination of cable and components. In addition to layout design of the arrangements have a direct impact on construction costs, but also related to the network cabling is reasonable. For a multi-storey buildings, the installation of the entire building network information center network backbone switch room, it is best to set the middle floors of the building. If you set the wiring between the various floors, the best set in the middle of the floor. This design not only can shorten the vertical and horizontal length of the backbone cabling subsystem, save material, reduce costs, it can reduce unnecessary channel transmission distance, there Liddin communication quality.
3. Network Cabling Project should pay attention to what the problem?
A: network cabling various factors involved in construction, the construction sector on-site person in charge must have a higher scheduling logistics capacity, sectoral coordination and good quality, its ability to spot determination often depends on understanding the design and layout specifications on the subject. Networking organizations should always be concerned about the progress of the implementation of cabling, and engineering design department and construction department in a timely manner to resolve problems arising from the implementation. Wiring the implementation process should pay attention to the following questions.
(1) select a qualified construction unit qualification
Structured wiring is a computer network system corresponding to the physical layer structure is the most critical layer. Computer network fault occurs mostly from the floor. Wiring in the choice of construction units, in addition to have the time to look at their effective construction qualification is shown, also holds the best manufacturers of connectivity products used in the construction certification.
(2) to enhance co-ordination
Structured cabling project is a comprehensive project, often with the interior decoration of buildings at the same time. Construction wiring should be admitted as early as possible, wiring should be in place in time with the material, wiring and interior construction sector departments to timely communication, so that wiring is always implemented in a coordinated environment.
(3) construction of steps to take care of follow-up
Pipeline construction were embedded in the wiring, be sure to leave enough room. Should pay attention to choose a reasonable diameter pipeline, in turn more often to stay out of the gap, the follow-up procedures take full account of the construction difficulty. Cable wear lead, attention should be good at both ends of the cable tag. Cable laid in place, usually waiting for interior decoration and other work is completed before proceeding to the socket module and panel mounting, in particular, to wait for the paint all the walls be undertaken after completion.
(4) the good products off
Wiring the implementation process must pay attention to the good product off. To select a good reputation and strength of the company's products. In order to facilitate construction, management and maintenance, cable, plugs, sockets and patch panels, etc. best to choose a vendor's product, and purchase from the regular channels. Before the start of the project construction unit should be used for network construction material samples submitted for seal-like body. Open the packaging materials, construction units should be packaged with the products within the warranty book and certificate exchange network building agency retained for your records. Before using the product performance must be tested motor. Wiring must be done once the implementation of fake and shoddy products to be found in time rework.
(5) to good engineering quality
Structured cabling systems in addition to the quality of the product itself other than to go through all kinds of cable system construction and installation to complete the implementation process of the cable wiring system performance to play a significant influence. Implementation in the routing process, the construction sector must be installed cable systems related to testing to ensure quality standards.
(6) The need for universal attention wiring installation problems
When the first cable laid special attention to the alignment of the available space, including ceiling pole (hanging items), the floor and by taking the groove and alignment within the space inside the tubes. Adjusted according to actual situation at any time is not considered in the design and thoughtful implementation of the place. Cable manufacturers usually will give the minimum cable bend radius and maximum pulling force measured. International standards in cabling, the length of the pipeline alignment, internal bending radius, there are stringent requirements. Cable layout must also be always pay attention to the length of cable can not exceed regulatory requirements, including the length of the wiring length and the level of trunk length with jumpers. After laying a cable, it should be immediately tested with the tester, do not, and all cable laying completed before testing. The basic instrument link (Basic Link) for the construction of unit testing is the process of laying cables to test, while the channel (Channel) test is the overall acceptance in the wiring system used. Transfer point network is often a potential weak link in the network. Transfer points are usually the cable outlet, the user equipment through the jumper from here connect to the network. Outlet location and installation of quality design in the layout, there are strict requirements.
(7) Special attention to fiber optic cabling
As the technical requirements for fiber optic cabling works better than the twisted pair wiring, the construction sector and the network construction departments should pay special attention to it, and to master the basics of fiber-optic connections. In the main fiber optic connection a permanent connection, emergency connection and active connections. Should need to select the appropriate connection method.
Cable layout is basically the same way as cable or similar. Concealed inside buildings within the laid pipe or trough, generally do not apply by tomorrow. Outside the building layout the same way cable. Taking into account the large capacity optical fiber communications, the nature of the special importance and cable materials, should be put in place underground telecommunications conduits mainly to communication lines of underground and hidden requirements.
(8) Note that the fire system wiring
When the building in general the introduction of structured cabling system, if the wiring system of protective layer materials are used improperly, will cause great risks the safety of the building. Structured cabling to use more kinds of plastic materials, the combustion values, and when the temperature is too high, easy to cause fire. In order to reduce the occurrence of fire losses and harm to human, as far as possible in the wiring should be considered when implementing the fire safety standards use high cable. PVC for PVC cable, because toxic gases when burned chlorine molecules, as non-use.
(9) emphasize shielded network cabling project grounding problem
If you select the network with shielding integrated wiring construction, must have good grounding. Shield grounding wiring shall comply with the provisions of the relevant standards.
(10) emphasize connectors link
In the structured network cabling in every aspect of the project, most vulnerable part of the connectors link. Twisted-pair twisted-pair structure was destroyed and was squeezed in a small space between lines of the cross or cross-connected to each other, in parallel into the connector, through the crimping tool, fixed wire and also destroyed the metal structure , leading to changes in impedance, return loss effects.
(11) emphasize the jumper
Jumper is in the structured cabling and the most frequently touched parts of change, they send the signal energy in the strongest position and received signal energy weakest position. Small impedance change will bring 3% to 4% of the reflection, link to link the end of the middle of the transmission signal reflection is caused by damage to one of the most important factor, while near-end crosstalk will also be affected. In the actual network cabling project jumpers often free to use, such as tables and chairs between the winding, or drag heavy objects and compression strength, which will cause permanent damage to the jumper.